To observe the different types of faults using sand box.

To observe the different types of faults using sand box.

EQUIPMENTS REQURED: Sand box saw dust and colours.

THEORY:

Faults: Faults are fractures along which movement of one block with respect to others has taken place. Faults are formed from tensional forces originating from endogenic forces inside the earth.

Hanging wall: the wall that has taken movement with respect to foot wall as it is not having any support.

Foot wall: the wall that remain stiff on its place as it is having support with ground.

Fault plane: the plane where the movement of block has taken place.

Fault Dip angle: the angle between horizontal plane and fault plane.

Strike: the plane where dip falls.

TYPES OF FAULTS:

Strike slip fault: in geology, afracturein therocksofEarth’scrustin which therockmasses slip past one another parallel to thestrike, the intersection of a rock surface with the surface or another horizontal plane. Strike-slip faults are classified as either right lateral or left lateral.

Dip slip fault:Dip-slip faultsare inclined fractures where the blocks have mostly shifted vertically. If the rock mass above an inclined fault moves down, the fault is termednormal, whereas if the rock above the fault moves up, the fault is termedreverse. Athrustfault is a reverse fault with a dip of 45 degrees or less.

PROCEDURE:

• Firstly, we have to empty the previous contents of sand box.
• We have to prepare saw dust of different colors by dissolving colors into saw dust.
• Place the layers of equal width of colored saw dust in box one after another.
• Layers should be properly placed and thoroughly compacted.
• Different colored layers of saw dust are representing different layers of rock.
• The whole set up should be left for 24 hours before observing folds.
• The assembly is divided into two parts, one part should be moved up and down to observe faults.

OBSERVATIONS:

OBSERVATIONS:

COMMENTS: