Lab No. 12
Object: To examine quantitative characteristics of hydraulic jump formation on a horizontal floor of a rectangular channel.
Apparatus Required:
- Perspex–sided S4 tilting flume, with slope control device; stopwatch.
Perspex-sided S4 tilting flume
Theory:
The rise in water level, which occurs during the transformation of shooting flow to tranquil flow, is called hydraulic jump or standing wave. Where hydraulic jump takes place, a substantial part of the energy of the flowing liquid is dissipated.
The initial depth y and the sequent depth y of the jump are interconnected as under:-
y2 1
y12
1 8F 2
1
(5.1)
where F1 is initial Fronde number, defined as
1
F1 1
gy1
v
(5.2)
The specific energy loss (ΔE E1-E2) is connected with y1 and y2 as under:-
( y y )3
ΔE =
21
4 y1 y2
(5.3)
Procedure:
| |||||||||||||||||
Q = / t | q v1y 1 | v2 q y2 | E1 2 y v1 12g | E2 | y y 3 21 | ||||||||||||
S. No | t | q Q 7.9 | y1 | y2 | y2 y1 | F1 v1 gy1 | 1 8F2 1 1 | y2 v2 2 2g | ΔE= E1-E2 | ||||||||
y1 y2 | |||||||||||||||||
cc | s | cm3/s | cm2/s | cm | cm | cm/s | cm/s | cm | cm | cm | cm | ||||||
Graphs:
Plot
y2
y1
against1
Plot ΔE against (y2 – y1)3 / y1 y2
1 8F2
1
Results & Comments:
