Contents

SOIL EXPLORATION

• Importanceofsoilexplorationand planning of soil exploration program,

• -Soil exploration methods: probing, test pits, auger boring, wash percussion and rotary drilling and geophysical methods
• Soil samplers: disturbed and undisturbed sampling.
• In situ tests: standard penetration test, cone penetration test, and field vane shear test.
• Coring of rocks, core recovery and RQD.

• Borehole logs and sub soil exploration report.

FOUNDATIONS

• Purposeandtypesoffoundations. Selection of foundation type
• Types of bearing capacities of foundation.
• -Gross and net pressures on footing.
• -Failure modes in foundations and their characteristics and criterion.
• Generalrequirementsforfoundation design.

SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

• Techniques to obtain bearing capacity of shallow Foundations
• Development of bearing capacity theory.
• Terzaghi’s theories to calculate bearing capacity.
• Effects of water table.
• Design of strip, isolated, combined and raft footings.
• Bearing capacity theories of Meyerhof’s, Hansen’s, Vesic’s and skempton.
• Elastic settlement of shallow foundations based on theory of Elasticity.
• Elastic and consolidation settlement of shallow foundations on saturated clays.
• Settlement of sandy soil. Presumptive values.
• Plate load test.
• Problemson geotechnicaldesignof shallow foundations

PILE FOUNDATIONS

• Introduction to deep foundations. Types of deep foundations.
• Reasons to use piles. Classification of piles. Methods of Installation.
• Load transfer mechanism of piles, Load carrying capacity of piles in different soils. Negative skin friction.
• Empirical relationships.
• Settlement of Piles.
  • Pull out resistance of piles.
  • Pile driven formulas. Pile load test.
  • Group piles: Group efficiency
  • Elastic and consolidation settlement of group piles
  • Up lift capacity of group piles.
  • Problems on geotechnical design of pile foundations