Properties of Fluid
Density, Specific weight, Specific volume, Specific gravity, Viscosity and Newton’s law of viscosity, Bulk modulus of elasticity, Surface tension, Capillarity, Dimensions and Systems of units.
Fluid Statics
Pressure; Pressure head, Pressure-head relationship, Atmospheric pressure, Absolute pressure, Gauge pressure and Pascal’s law. Equipment’s for measurement of pressure, Piezometer, Manometers, Bourdon gauge and Mechanical gauges. Hydrostatic pressure, Buoyancy and stability of floatation.
Fluid Kinematics
Basic concepts of uniform and non-uniform, Flow rate and mean velocity, Acceleration in fluid flow.
Fluid Dynamics
Continuity equation in differential form for steady and unsteady flows, Continuity equation’s integral form, Total head or energy (Bernoulli’s) equation and its applications.
Hydraulic Similitude
Dimensions analysis of physical quantities (FLT or MLT system of measurement) by Releigh’s or Buckingham’s π-Theorem and its applications, Model analysis, Model and its prototype’s geometric, kinematic, dynamic and hydraulic similarities, Dimension less number and their significance.
Open Channel Flow and its Classifications
Types of open channel and flow. States of flow and Regimes of flow, uniform flow (Chezy’s and Manning’s velocity equations) through various channel sections.
Design of Open Channels and Their Properties Open channels Channel geometry, Design of most efficient, effective and economical open channel sections.
Energy and Momentum Principles
Non-uniform flow, Energy in open channels, Specific energy, Critical flow, Momentum principle and its applications, Hydraulic jump and its applications.
Flow Rate Measurement in Open Channels Measurement of discharge through weirs, modular and non-modular venturi-flumes.
Introduction to subject relevant software’s